Most activated carbon is also treated with a chemical that enhances its ability to filter specific pollutants. A paper by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency notes that a single gram of activated carbon can have hundreds of square meters of internal surface area. This creates many more places for molecules to become trapped and makes the carbon far more effective as a filter medium. First, it is injected with hot air, carbon dioxide, or steam, which creates a lattice of tiny pores in the carbon, vastly increasing its surface area. Each substance creates a slightly different kind of charcoal.Īctivated carbon is carbon that has undergone some additional processing to make it better at trapping gas molecules. Wood is commonly used to make charcoal, but coconut shells and coal are also used. The industrial process of making charcoal accomplishes it by heating a substance in a vacuum chamber, which releases all the volatile compounds and leaves behind all the carbon. The black char that remains is mostly carbon. Only the readily combustible material in the wood has burned away, either because of insufficient heat or poor supply of oxygen. Picture the charred piece of wood that is left over after a campfire. These interchangeable terms refer to the remnants of incomplete combustion. Humans have been using charcoal to purify water–sometimes accidentally–for thousands of years. The colorful history of carbon filtration
They cannot remove fine particles like mold, dust, or pollen from the air. They are also often used to remove odors from the air, such as the smell of tobacco smoke. They are designed to filter gases through a bed of activated carbon (also called activated charcoal) and are usually used to combat volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from common household products. Drawbacks to using activated carbon filtersĬarbon air filters are the filters most commonly used to remove gases.
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